Part I
Why Go Public?
When a company “goes public” through an “initial public offering” (or IPO), it essentially sells some of its shares to retail and institutional investors, and those shares are then invariably listed on a public stock exchange, where the price for the shares floats up or down depending on a range of factors related both to the financial performance of the company and the state of the capital markets (and the broader economy) more generally. In order to become public, the company must go through a rigorous process of information disclosure centered around an extensive, written prospectus. Then, once public, it must adhere to a range of rules on timely legal and financial disclosure. Why would a business owner agree to jump through all these hoops?
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